The current Red Sox news is all about first base. However, the team has a hole in another area, one which will need to be addressed by April. While we wait for some news on the futures of Todd Helton and Curt Schilling, let’s take a little trip down memory lane.

Diane: “Everyone knows that hate is not the opposite of love. Indifference is.”
Sam: “Well, whatever you say. I really don’t care.”
Perhaps no other fictional icon embodied the quintessential closer like Sam “Mayday” Malone: cocky, thickheaded, and apathetic. With the outcome of a ballgame at Fenway Park resting on your shoulders in the 9th inning, those qualities are as essential as a glove and cleats.
The “closer” bullpen position has evolved over time; its beginnings can be traced to somewhere around the end of WWII. Throughout the past 6 decades, the Sox have had quite a cast of characters inhabit this role. Some are memorable for their on-field performances, some are memorable as trade-bait, and some memorable for pulling down their pants and sitting bare-assed on birthday cakes (I’ll explain).
Here’s a brief timeline of the team’s closer history, leading up to our current…situation.
* Note: The ERA stat is used as a quick reference, but be sure to take that with a grain of salt. For instance, the quality of hitters faced by Sparky Lyle is much different from those faced by Derek Lowe.
Ellis “Old Folks” Kinder 1949-1955
91 Saves, 3.19 ERA
Nicknamed the above after becoming a 32-year-old rookie and pitching until age 44, Ellis was the first prominent Red Sox closer. He was a prime example of the hardscrabble blue-collar MLB that is long gone: he worked as a railroad pipe-fitter in the winters, and could probably kick all the other guys’ asses on this list (with the likely exception of Radatz). Kinder could throw 10 innings just as easily as he could throw 1, and he had excellent seasons as both a starter and a reliever. He played hard on the field and drank hard at the pubs, and he died in his hometown in Tennessee at age 54. In today’s era of micromanaged, pampered pitching staffs, this type of guy is now long extinct.
Dick “The Monster” Radatz 1962-1965
104 Saves, 2.57 ERA
Remember Little League? There was always the kid who was bigger than everyone else, who probably grew pubes before anyone else did, and he threw much, much harder than anyone else? Every other kid in the league was afraid to face that kid, because maybe…just maybe…one of those blazing fastballs would slip out of his hand and crack your jawbone like an eggshell? Dick Radatz was that kid. Standing at 6’5”, and weighing 240 pounds, Radatz terrorized the American League for 4 years with his 100 MPH heat. During a time when the Red Sox were awful (the bleak period between Teddy’s retirement and the emergence of Yaz) the man practically had Mickey Mantle’s head stuck on a plaque in his living room. Although he flamed out quickly, likely due to overuse, he is generally considered the best closer in Red Sox history.
Sparky Lyle 1968-1971
69 Saves, 2.94 ERA
Lyle is part of an exclusive club, and his fellow members are among baseball’s elite: Babe Ruth. Roger Clemens. Les Nunamaker. That’s right, players who have crossed the line: abandoning the glorious, picturesque city of Boston, the home of poets, artisans, and heroes…and journeying into the land of shadow: the filthy depths of The Bronx, a festering den of terrorists, child-abusers, and kitten-stranglers.
Lyle had a few good seasons with Boston before being traded to the Yankees for the immortal Danny Cater, and becoming one of the premier closers of the 70’s. However, the thing I like best about him is this: Sparky was known for sitting, bare-assed, on any birthday cake that happened to find its way into the clubhouse. He once sat bare-assed on Yankee manager Ralph Houk’s birthday cake, unaware that the intended recipient was his boss. I wonder if I could get away with that…
Bob “The Steamer” Stanley 1978-1986 (on and off)
132 Saves, 3.18 ERA
I was never sure how he acquired the moniker “The Steamer”. He is not from Cleveland, and he didn’t throw particularly hard, so I’ll guess he was named after the clam indigenous to his native New England.
The numbers don’t lie, he was quite good for a long time. Arguably the best reliever in team history, Stanley spent his entire 13 year career with the Sox. Unfortunately, to many Red Sox fans, he will always be remembered for his disastrous performance during Game Six of the 1986 World Series, and not for being the best pitcher on the team before the emergence of Roger Clemens. Stanley was another guy who seemed to age very fast, again, likely due to overuse when he was young.
Some of my earliest memories as a fan are watching Stanley in the sunset of his career. He always had a tired, forlorn look to him, sort of like a thin version of Norm from “Cheers”. Looking at over his tenure, which included 2 All-Star games and various appearances on Cy Young Award ballots, there isn’t much to be sad about (October atrocities notwithstanding).
Lee Smith 1988-1989
58 Saves, 3.15 ERA
Big Lee Smith is probably Boston’s first example of the true modern-day closer: a guy who will enter the game in one situation: 9th inning, team winning by 3 runs or less. The mid-to-late 80’s ushered in a new baseball fad, the obsession with the “save” statistic. Mangers, general-managers, agents and arbitrators all began to use “saves” as a primary benchmark for bullpen effectiveness. Rollie Fingers surfed this wave better than anyone else, becoming a Hall of Famer, which gave him 2 things in common with Cap Anson (the first being a ridiculous mustache).
Amidst all of this, Lee Smith quietly climbed higher and higher on the all-time saves leader-board. He was never a dominant pitcher with Boston; his best years were spent with the Cubs earlier in his career. When he left the Sox, he eventually became the all-time saves record-holder, until he was surpassed by Trevor Hoffman just last year.
Jeff Reardon 1990-1992
88 Saves, 3.41 ERA
Jeff, a hometown guy from the Berkshires, was once one of the top relievers in baseball in the 80’s. The Red Sox acquired him later in his career, when he was still somewhat effective, but not the star he was when he was young in Montreal. Reardon’s most memorable moment in a Red Sox uniform was breaking the all-time saves record, by surpassing Rollie Fingers on the list. He didn’t hold the title for very long, it is a record that changes hands fairly quickly (just ask Lee Smith), and he currently sits at the 6th all-time spot, just below Dennis Eckersley.
Reardon’s life after baseball has been fairly horrific. He’s suffered a couple of tragedies, real Biblical-type stuff. He was one of my favorites growing up, and I’m rooting for him to make it through. I wouldn’t bet against him.
Heathcliff Slocumb 1996-1997
48 Saves, 4.02 ERA
Closers with control problems are always fun to watch. It’s a great sensation, sort of like that exhilarating feeling you get when you see a white Ford Crown Victoria pull behind you on the highway, or that awesome feeling you have when you realize you’ve f***ed something up at the office, and you think you might be fired for it.
Seriously, this guy drove me crazy. He had flashes of brilliance in 1996, but over 5 walks per 9 IP will make a manager want to cut himself, depressed teenager-style.
The one reason I want to mention Slocumb here: he was used as trade-bait in perhaps the best trade in Red Sox history, the acquisition of future All-Stars Derek Lowe and Jason Varitek. Of course, the phrase “best trade in Sox history” is like saying “best oceanfront resort in Antarctica”, but we’ll take what we can get.
Tom “Flash” Gordon 1997-1999
68 Saves, 2.72 ERA
You know you’ve done well if you become the title of a Stephen King novel. Flash Gordon followed the career path of Dennis Eckersley, resurrecting himself by transforming from a mediocre starter into a dominant closer. Gordon took the American League by storm in 1998, setting a record for consecutive save opportunities, and rivaling Mariano Rivera as one of the top relievers in baseball.
However, 1999 wasn’t as kind to The Flash. He suffered nagging elbow injuries, and spent most of the season on the DL. The Sox brought him back too early in the playoffs, and he aggravated the injury, resulting in surgery in December. He spent the entire 2000 season on the DL, and did not pitch for Boston again.
Derek Lowe 2000-2001
85 Saves, 2.89 ERA
Derek, one of the prizes acquired in the Slocumb trade, wasn’t your typical closer, in several ways. For one, he relied on a heavy sinker, which drew lots of contact and wasn’t very good for blowing hitters away (not unlike Bob Stanley). Also, he was not the most stoic fellow. Derek would tend to take rough outings, media criticism, and fan catcalls to heart, which led to his trademark expression: “The Derek Lowe Face”.
However, as you can see from his numbers, Derek was extremely effective. His 2000 season was basically as good as Gordon’s 1998 (alas, Dean Koontz did not include Derek’s name in any book titles). After his brief successes as an All-Star closer, Derek became an All-Star starter in 2002, finishing 3rd in the Cy Young Award voting.
Legendary for frequenting the Boston nightlife circuit, there were always grumblings that Derek could have been even better than he was, if he concentrated more of his energy in more productive ways. That said, when you look past the booze and the broads, from 2000-2002, Derek was not just good…he was outstanding.
Closer By Committee 2003
Total Chaos, The Near Collapse of Civilization
In one of his first moves as General Manager, 30-year-old Theo Epstein tried to implement a contemporary Jamesian bullpen model: having the best pitcher throw in the most crucial game situation, not necessarily the 9th inning. The decision was made, in part, because the roster had 3 or 4 decent bullpen arms, but did not have one outstanding arm (similar to the current situation).
This new maverick bullpen started off with a bang on Opening Day, blowing a 9th inning lead to the Tampa Bay Devil Rays. Red Sox fans, always the understanding and patient type, were surprisingly slow to warm to this concept.
In mid-season, the plan was abandoned, and Byung-Hyun Kim was acquired in exchange for Shea Hillenbrand. I know what you are thinking: this seems lopsided. Well, as a condition of the deal, Arizona was forced to also take Shea Hillenbrand’s personality. So that evened things out.
Kim pitched well enough, despite a few late season hiccups, and the term “Closer By Committee” became one of baseball’s inside jokes, never to be used in serious context again.
Keith Foulke 2004-2005
47 Saves, 3.50 ERA
Perhaps the complete opposite of Bob Stanley, career-wise. When you look at Keith’s aggregate numbers with the Sox, you won’t see anything special. He spent one and a half years as the closer of this team, and thanks to a disastrous 2005, his overall track-record seems pedestrian.
However, I’m sure we all know the true story here. In 2004, Keith Foulke was a warrior-poet (in the words of Sir Robert the Bruce in Braveheart). His stunning 225 ERA+ only tells part of the story. The man with the unorthodox quarterback-like delivery and killer palm-ball was a rock in October. Without Keith Foulke, it would be 89 years and counting, and that stupid “Reverse The Curse” sign would still hang over Storrow Drive.
Watching his disappointing 2005 season was particularly heart-wrenching for me. Generally speaking, the people of Boston turned on him. Six months after he rode in the biggest parade in the history of Boston, the fans at Fenway Park essentially chased him out of town, after a few rough outings in April and May. I never understood that. I started to think that maybe the World Series changed us, gave us a sense of entitlement, like our ugly cousins in The Bronx. I still shudder to think about it, because I see more and more evidence of this horrible transformation every day. Alright, I’ll step off my soapbox here.
Jonathan Papelbon 2006
35 Saves, 0.92 ERA
I still check to make sure that ERA isn’t just a typo. Jonathan (don’t call him Jon) came into the 2006 with more than enough hype. After making a few spot appearances in 2005, the big rookie began to draw comparisons to Roger Clemens: his build, his delivery, and his glove-popping fastball.
Unbelievably, Jon exceeded the hype in 2006, having the greatest single-season bullpen performance in Red Sox history, and perhaps one of the greatest in baseball history.
Management has tentatively decided to move Jon to the rotation in 2007. Some balked at this move; how could they change his role after that season? The other side of the argument (which I happen to agree with) is that 200 Papelbon innings is better than 70 Papelbon innings, assuming his shoulder can handle the workload. Which brings us to today…
?????? 2007-
Right now, there are several candidates. Joel Pineiro? Devern Hansack? Mike Timlin? Brendan Donnelly? Craig Hansen? Manny Delcarmen? Kyle Snyder?
Not one of those names will inspire much optimism in the pundits. Most baseball analysts love to see “an experienced closer” (i.e. someone who makes at least 7 million dollars a year). However, in my experience (which includes 20 years of sitting on my ass), the best way to go about acquiring a closer is to be a bit more creative than just looking at the active save leaders. Most of the game’s greatest closers: Mariano Rivera, Eric Gagne, Trevor Hoffman, were all converted into the role by their teams, after they had floundered in other roles (usually as a starter). Pineiro, Snyder, and Hansack seem to fit this bill. If he returns in 2007, Matt Clement would be another interesting name to add to the mix. Since the Sox have spent exorbitant amounts of money in other areas of the roster, it would seem that they have chosen this course.
Sox fans, all I can promise is this: it will be interesting.
Note: I apologize for the haphazard formatting, as this writing tool is somewhat foreign to me (sort of like America’s fascination with karaoke).